How does the Electrostatic Sorting work
Summary:once the plastic material get friction, different type of plastic material catch different electrification
some are catch positive electrode, and some are catch negative electrode
Matter is mainly composed of molecules, which are composed of atoms, and the inside of atoms is composed of positively charged nuclei and negatively charged electrons.
Normally, the number of positive and negative charges inside an atom is equal, but because the electrons move around the nucleus at a high speed, the electrons in this state are extremely unstable. Under the action of external force, the electrons will deviate from the original orbit and transfer from an atom. Into another atom. After the electron transfer occurs, the atom that loses the electron will be positively charged due to the decrease of the negative charge, that is, it is a positive ion; and the atom that gets the electron will be negatively charged due to the increase of the negative charge, that is, it is a negative ion.
The phenomenon of frictional charging is the result of electron transfer between objects in contact with each other. Two objects in contact with each other, its gain or loss of electrons mainly depends on the material properties of the object.
Static electricity is formed when electric charge accumulates on an object or surface. Static electricity is a kind of electric charge in a static state.
There are two types of charge, positive charge and negative charge, that is to say, static electricity is also divided into two types: positive static electricity and negative static electricity.
When positive charges are gathered on an object, positive static electricity is formed, and when negative charges are gathered on an object, negative static electricity is formed. However, whether it is positive static electricity or negative static electricity, when the static charged object contacts the zero potential object (grounded Charge transfer occurs when objects) or objects that have a potential difference with them. This is the phenomenon of spark discharge that we see daily.
The electrostatic separation technology mainly uses the difference of the charge polarity after the friction of the plastic particles to cause the plastic particles entering the electrostatic separation chamber to deviate from the trajectory, so as to realize the separation of different plastic particles. Under the same conditions, different plastics have different charging polarity and charging tendency.
The trajectory of plastic particles in the high-voltage electrostatic sorting chamber mainly depends on the size of the plastic particles, the charge-to-mass ratio, the internal structure, the size of the sorting equipment and the operating environment.
Roller electrode electrostatic separation generates a high-voltage electric field through a set of electrodes. One of the electrodes is a roller electrode. The plastic particles with the opposite polarity to the roller electrode will be adsorbed on the surface of the electrode, and those with the same polarity as the roller electrode will be The other electrode is attracted and separated from the surface of the roller electrode to realize the sorting of plastic particles, as shown in chart 1.8
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